At the 2011 Women’s Global Leadership Conference (WGLC), which took place November 15–16 in Houston, energy and technology professionals gathered to discuss the most pressing issues facing the industry. Among them was featured speaker Monica Mainland, the refinery technical division manager for ExxonMobil Refining and Supply in Baton Rouge, Louisiana. Ms. Mainland, who began her career in refining as a contract engineer in 1996, focused her presentation on how the industry can try to anticipate and best satisfy future demand for energy in communities around the world. The challenge of being able to adequately meet global energy demands from now until 2030 seems especially relevant as the world’s population just recently surpassed seven billion. A world population that could hit eight billion by 2030, coupled with advancements in technology and efficiency, are key elements in understanding what lies ahead for the energy industry.