Hydrocarbon Processing: 1994-Present Cumulative Index Subject-CA

<%@ LANGUAGE=VBScript %> <% Option Explicit %> <% bConfidential = True iPublication = 24 %> Hydrocarbon Processing: 1994-Present Cumulative Index Subject-CA

cumulative index: 1994 – present

Author: A | B | C | D | E | F | G | H | I | J | K | L | M | N | O | P | Q-R | S | T | U-V | W | X-Y-Z

Subject: A | B | C | D | E | F | G | H I | K | L | M | N | O | P | R | S | T | U | V | W

Catalysts		Date

	Alternative technologies to steam-methane reforming Consider these different processes to produce hydrogen and carbon monoxide	Nov-95
	Are spent hydrocracking catalysts listed hazardous wastes? The author discusses critical points from the U.S. EPA's memorandum regarding spent 'dual purpose' catalysts	Jul-00
	Avoid catalyst replacement pitfalls Lessons learned on a gasoil hydrotreater revamp show how to mitigate problems	Feb-08
	Calculate nonfluidized flow in cyclone diplegs and transition pipes A new method gives results superior to empirical methods	Dec-95
	Case history: Converting an MTBE unit to isooctane operation Due to the ban of blending MTBE into RFG, this company revamped its operation to produce another gasoline component using technology never proven on world-scale levels	Sep-03
	Case history: Desulfurization of FCC naphtha This refiner used pilot-plant testing of actual refinery FCC streams to find the best technology for blending 10-ppm gasoline	Feb-04
	Claus catalyst pore structure optimization Detailed calculation procedure gives guidelines for the most efficient catalyst properties	Jul-99
	Consider cryogenic methods to improve ammonia production New technologies enable reducing the size of primary reformer and lowering energy consumption	Oct-01
	Consider furnace replacement for existing olefin units Leading-edge developments enable installing new units instead of revamping existing furnaces	Jun-07
	Consider improved catalyst technologies to remove sulfur With new catalyst systems, hydroprocessing efforts more efficiently reduce complex sulfur compounds and lower blended fuels’ sulfur content.	Feb-02
	Consider improved liquid alkylation catalysts To process 'cleaner fuels,' refiners will seek octane gains from the blending pool; alkylate refinements are a possible solution	Feb-01
	Consider improving refining and petrochemical integration as a revenue-generating option FCC operating may be an increasing propylene source due to new processing methods	Nov-01
	Consider new catalytic routes for olefins production Innovative catalyst systems enable higher propylene make from liquid feedstocks	Apr-08
	Consider new FCC technologies to produce low-sulfur gasoline Capital-free techniques such as catalyst and additive programs are viable options when meeting clean fuel specifications	Sep-03
	Consider new technologies to replace MTBE Processing methods enable using 'stranded' MTBE facilities and feedstocks for high-octane applications	Feb-02
	Consider new technology to produce 'clean' diesel Advances in catalysts enable cracking gasoils at moderate pressures	Feb-08
	Consider SCR to mitigate NO_x emissions Integrated H2 production with a stationary gas turbine yields processing gases, steam and electricity while complying with stringent air-emission requirements of a nonattainment area	Nov-03
	Consider using integrated hydroprocessing methods for processing clean fuels New catalyst systems fine-tune cracking heavy refractory feeds for FCC and hydrocracking units	Sep-07
	Consider using new technology to improve FCC unit reliability In this revamp project, installing new equipment increased throughput with the added bonus of greater mechanical integrity for the unit	Feb-05
	Control cyanides at source A refiner develops an action plan to reduce cyanide emissions from FCCU sour water streams	Jul-98
	Control FCC flue-gas emissions An innovative approach removes SO_x, NO_x and particulates from gas streams with minimized effluents and byproducts	Jul-00
	Control iron contamination in resid FCC With new techniques, refiners can detect and recover from this poisoning	Nov-01
	Control refinery NO_X emissions cost-effectively Refiner uses new ultra low-NO_x burner technology to control emission levels from major sources	Nov-01
	Convert oil sands into distillate cost-effectively New hydrocracking methods upgrades bitumen into low-sulfur naphtha	Jan-06
	Cost-effectively improve hydrotreater designs When retrofitting for clean fuels specification, consider present and future flexibility of licensed hydrotreating technologies	Nov-01
	Designing steam reformers for hydrogen production Keep these important factors in mind when designing, revamping or troubleshooting	Jul-94
	Developments in the ammonia process To meet rising demand, producers seek methods to conserve energy and increase plant efficiencies	Jul-01
	Environmental Processes Handbook This handbook-type industry reference source features emerging remedial processes handling air, water and solid HPI waste streams. Each 'clean' process technology description includes flow diagram as well as application, operations, waste definitions, regulatory applications, economics and licensor information.
	Environmental Processes '93	Aug-93
	Environmental Processes '94	Aug-94
	Environmental Processes '96	Aug-96
	Environmental Processes '98	Aug-98
	Evaluating liquid distributors in hydroprocessing reactors Quickly assess catalyst utilization of various tray designs and estimate the benefits of an internals revamp	Nov-00
	Fine-tune catalyst addition rates mple method dynamically optimizes E-catalyst activity in fluid catalytic crackers	Aug-07
	Fine-tune FCC operations for changing fuels market New technology improves FCC performance and operational reliability	Sep-05
	Fluid catalytic cracking—a diesel producing machine Advanced catalyst systems maximize middle distillate yields	Feb-08
	Gas Processes Handbook This handbook-type industry reference source features the latest commercially viable gas processing processes categorized by process function. It contains flow diagrams and descriptions of commercially viable gas processing processes from licensors. Included are drying, treating, contaminant removal, cleanup, hydrogen, liquefied natural gas, syngas, sulfur, gas-to-liquids, etc. Each process description includes a full color flow diagram as well as application, operation, economic, yield and licensor information. The processes are indexed by process and contributing company.
	Gas Processes '94	Apr-94
	Gas Processes ’96	Apr-96
	Gas Processes ’98	Apr-98
	Gas Processes 2000	Apr-00
	Gas Processes 2002	May-02
	Gas Processes 2004	Feb-04
	Gas Processes 2006	Jan-06
	Gas Processes Handbook 2006 Overview of licensors and selected process descriptions	Jan-06
	General reactor model improves HPI applications Applying new tools, refiners can optimize revamp, and modernize existing process units	Jul-99
	How to select a continuous emission monitoring system Prepare a well-thought-out, well-written, comprehensive specification proposal, and evaluate all potential suppliers carefully	Feb-94
	Hydroprocessing/FCC synergy This 'new' process technology already exists in your refinery	Aug-96
	Improve catalyst removal methods In this case history, efforts to minimize the hazard caused more problems and increased the risks for the task	Oct-00
	Improve catalytic cracking to produce clean fuels Update the cracker heat balance to minimize coke make	Feb-05
	Improve corrosion control in refining processes Using inhibitors and new metallurgical technology can restrain environmental cracking when processing high sulfur feedstocks	Nov-95
	Improve FCC yields to meet changing environment – Part 1 Consider new technologies that reduce gas make while minimizing product losses from catalytic cracking operations	Sep-04
	Improve FCC yields to meet changing environment – Part 2 A high content of residual elements was the suspected cause	Oct-04
	Improve operations and enhance refinery sulfur recovery Here's an assessment of the latest technical innovations	Apr-97
	Improve sulfur recovery operations When this unit fails, environmental violations are possible	Nov-04
	Improve syngas production using autothermal reforming Flexible process design uses partial oxidation and adiabatic-steam reforming to cut costs	Mar-94
	Improve your hydrogen potential Retrofitting an existing plant can provide a cost-effective way to meet incremental demand for hydrogen	Mar-02
	Increase light olefins production New methods based on proven FCC technology provide additional olefins source	Apr-04
	Increase productivity with novel reactor design Nonadiabatic developments lower process temperatures while improving reaction rates	Mar-98
	Increase propylene yields cost-effectively Using a new catalytic system, steamcrackers can produce more C3s from existing units	Dec-02
	Is your process correctly scaled to manufacture consistent product? Mixing technology is a vital parameter for premium processing	Aug-02
	Maximize propylene yields New developments in FCC additives and catalyst management increase C₃ make	Sep-05
	Metallocene polyolefins: progress and prospects Since its inception, this catalyst system has revolutionized the plastics industry	Apr-04
	Modernize process reactors Using new modeling tools, engineers can improve traditional process designs	Nov-99
	Noncapital intensive technologies reduce FCC sulfur content – Part 1 Innovative solutions such as catalysts and membranes can be used to navigate a ‘roadmap’ for clean fuels agenda	Feb-03
	Noncapital intensive technologies reduce FCC sulfur content – Part 2 Using novel membrane technology, refiners have new solutions to treat gasoline for sulfur	Mar-03
	Optimize alkylate production for clean fuels New processing technology and catalysts enable revamping existing MTBE facilities into high-quality, alkylate processing units	May-00
	Optimize coker operations Refiners can update coking units via two methods-recycle or zero-recycle operations. Depending on the capability of downstream units either option can be used as part of clean fuels program	Sep-03
	Optimize FCC flue-gas emission control – Part 1 Upcoming environmental regulations will require tighter control measures for FCC units. So, what are the best options?	Sep-02
	Optimize FCC flue-gas emission control – Part 2 Regenerator design plays a crucial role when limiting NO_x emissions	Oct-02
	Optimize gas-phase polyethylene PE manufacturers can use other options besides catalysts to expand capacity	Mar-98
	Optimize phenol production By using new technologies for intermediate feedstocks, polycarbonate producers can improve manufacturing-chain costs	Dec-05
	Optimize terephthaldehyde reactor operations Korea's largest chemical company uses innovative modeling techniques to design high-performance reactors	Apr-07
	Optimize your hydrogen plant operations Proper unit monitoring is necessary to achieve this goal	Sep-07
	Optimize your search for sulfur-recovery technology New simulation techniques can clearly define sulfur reactions and processes for TGTUs	Jan-03
	Overhaul process reactors Several examples utilize a general model to optimize and speedup process upgrades	Sep-99
	Petrochemical Processes Handbook Handbook-type industry reference source, features the latest technological developments and advancements . Each including flow diagram and application, description, operation, economic, yield and licensor information. Processing innovations encompass high-activity catalyst systems, value-added end products, higher product purities, higher yields, energy-conservation methods, byproduct reduction, etc.. Included are commercially viable processes ranging from alkylbenzene to xyleneisomers.
	Petrochemical Processes ’95	Mar-95
	Petrochemical Processes ’97	Mar-97
	Petrochemical Processes ’99	Mar-99
	Petrochemical Processes 2001	Mar-01
	Petrochemical Processes 2003	Mar-03
	Petrochemical Processes 2005	Mar-05
	Process design and optimization ’96 Report describes process simulation technology for specific applications. Included are process names, diagrams, applications, descriptions, objectives, economics, installations, licensors and a complete list of process submissions	Jun-96
	Process ultra-low sulfur diesel New catalyst technology efficiently works at the molecular level to remove thiopenes	Feb-01
	Protect desulfurization catalyst with prefiltration systems Suspended solids in refinery feeds foul critical desulfurization catalysts and heat exchange equipment and rob refiners of potential profits	Feb-03
	Protect processing catalysts from feedstock contaminants Effective feedstock filtration can extend service life for catalytic systems and optimize reactor performance	Aug-03
	Reclaim precious metals from spent catalysts with zero discharge A case history/ exposition provides valuable HPI information on catalyst recovery	Mar-00
	Recover precious metals from spent catalysts Here are guidelines for maximizing the reclamation of valuable byproducts to ensure the highest possible return on investment	Sep-07
	Reduce alkylate costs with solid-acid catalysts New developments in alkylation processes mitigate risk while reducing operating costs	Oct-07
	Refiner options for converting and utilizing heavy fuel oil Ongoing technology advancements are expanding the economic choices for processing and using residues	Feb-97
	Refinery expansion/upgrading means lighter, quality products Processing routes needed in both new and existing refineries help meet both product demand and environmental requirements	Jan-94
	Refining Processes Handbook Handbook-type industry reference source has been expanded this year. It contains flow diagrams and descriptions of leading-edge, licensed refining technologies. Specific processing operations include coking, hydrotreating, hydrocracking, fluid catalytic cracking, resid catalytic cracking, alkylation, catalytic reforming, ethers and more. Licensors contributed process flow diagrams, products, process descriptions, economics, installations and other vital information. The flow diagrams and summary descriptions define typical licensed processes used by modern refineries.
	Refining Processes ’94	Nov-94
	Refining Processes '96	Nov-96
	Refining Processes '98	Nov-98
	Refining Processes 2000	Nov-00
	Refining Processes 2002	Nov-02
	Refining Processes 2004	Sep-04
	Reforming catalyst optimization Examples show how to achieve a more efficient use of naphtha reforming catalysts	Jul-99
	Re-invent fluid catalytic cracking Innovative technologies and catalysts are changing the role FCC is used to yield cleaner transportation fuels	Sep-04
	Revamp your hydrotreater for deep desulfurization Retrofit projects involve defining the limits on existing equipment, understanding the costs for replacement and optimizing unit design parameters	Feb-02
	Revitalize stripping operations with structured packing Poor stripper performance of FCC spent catalyst burns up products and profits. New retrofit methods cut operating cost and increase product yields	Sep-03
	Single-sited catalysis leads next polyolefin generation Metallocene catalysts alter polymer architecture and yield new polymers	Mar-94
	Stop foaming on hydrotreater ‘hot’ separator After an optimization revamp, a refiner encounters liquid carry-over problems that restrict capacity	Jun-99
	Trends in catalysis research to meet future refining needs Environmental and clean-fuel requirements are creating a demand for new and innovative catalysts	Feb-97
	Update hydrotreaters to process 'green' diesel Worldwide, refiners must adopt processing strategies to achieve nearly sulfur-free fuels. It is possible when utilizing newer catalysts and improved design technologies	Nov-01
	Updated advanced controls improve hydrocracker performance Newer-technology multivariable predictive controllers can be cost-effective, even on units that already use previous generations	Oct-94
	Upgrade catalytic cracking operations New processing methods fine-tune gasoline for the Chinese market	Feb-05
	Upgrade treatment operations for aromatics units New catalytic pretreatment process removes troublesome olefinic materials, thus improving quality of aromatic streams	Apr-07
	Use desalting for FCC feedstocks This technology can improve operations and profitability in a nontraditional application	Aug-96
	Use monitoring programs to improve ammonia plant uptime Trending processing information – pressure, temperature – provides 'clues' on the reliability of critical equipment and catalysts	Feb-00
	Use new catalyst technologies to process ultra-low-sulfur diesel Innovative dewaxing methods can be used to improve cold-flow properties for 'clean' diesel in cold winter climates	Feb-08
	Use techno-economic benchmark to review supply-chain models Value profile of crude and high vacuum unit fractions is the key for crude selection and, thus, refinery profitability	Oct-05
	Water-soluble catalysts improve hydroformylation of olefins Biphasic process uses simple decantation to separate products and eliminate distillation	Mar-96
	What are the options to control VOC emissions? Consider these design options to improve reliability and efficiency	Aug-00
	What is driving changes in polyolefin catalysts and catalyst technology? Improved resin performance and new applications require next-generation polymer advances	Apr-08
	What should an owner/operator know when choosing an SMR/PSA Use these guidelines as a checklist when evaluating a licensor / contractor's hydrogen technology and economics	May-00

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