In the 1960s, process cooling tower design abruptly changed direction.1 At that time, large industrial cooling towers were of the cross-flow configuration (Fig. 1). The most dramatic change has been the introduction of specialty engineered film fills that provide significantly higher thermal performance through increased water-to-air contact area and reduced pressure drop.
Fig. 1. Typical modern counter-flow tower utilizing highly efficient cellular film.
For the cooling tower owner, this equates to reduced capital expenditures, lower operating costs and a smaller tower footprint. This high efficiency fill
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