Most refiners frequently need metal trapping or bottoms cracking additives for residue operations.
Most refiners frequently need metal trapping or bottoms cracking additives for residue operations. Some catalysts are preloaded with metal traps, but these may still be insufficient in preserving the desired equilibrium catalyst (Ecat) properties. This makes the use of additives in metal traps an attractive strategy for maintaining fluidized catalytic cracking (FCC) catalyst selectivity. Metal traps increase profitability in FCC units (FCCUs) by decreasing delta coke, improving product selectivity, and reducing fresh catalyst cost and Ecat consumption, while being able to offer reduced cost of sulfur oxide (SOx) control as a surplus. In recent times, FCCUs handle/run heavier feeds. Therefore
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