The fluid catalytic cracking unit (FCCU) is the primary conversion equipment for modern refineries to obtain clean transportation fuels, along with high-grade petrochemical feedstock.
Danbay, S.,
Suleimenov, E.,
Shoshanbasov, A.,
Smarkin, O.,
Makeev, D., KazMunaiGas (KMG) Atyrau Refinery;
Popov, A.,
González, R.,
Jegorov, V., Grace GmbH;
Lambert, N.,
Besnault, J-M., Axens
The Atyrau Oil Refinery (AOR), the oldest refinery in Kazakhstan, was built in 1945.
Modern commercial ethylbenzene (EB) plants use liquid-phase alkylation processes with zeolite catalysts to achieve high product yields.
As recovery from the COVID-19 pandemic begins, so will a return to normal life.
During the end-of-run (EOR) period of the authors’ company’s residue hydrodesulfurization (RDS) process in early February 2019, some hot spots occurred in the catalysts of the reactors.
IRPC Process Technology: The latest advancements in process technologies
In these challenging times, fluidized catalytic cracking units (FCCUs) aim to improve margins by processing poorer- or different-quality feeds, while maintaining good yield performance.
The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) introduced Tier 3 gasoline sulfur standards in 2017, requiring all U.S. gasoline producers to adhere to an annual 10-ppm average sulfur limit.
As fluid catalytic cracking (FCC) nitrogen oxides (NOx) emissions regulations become increasingly strict, refiners are driven to find the most economic compliance option.
Halvaci, M.,
Subaie, E. A.,
Fudhail, N. A., Saudi Aramco;
Pierre, C.,
Rousseau, E., Axens
The primary objective of the Ras Tanura Refinery Clean Fuels Project is to enable the Ras Tanura refinery—the largest refinery in Saudi Arabia—to produce transportation fuels that will be compliant with future specifications.