is the vice chief engineer for CPECC’s East-China Design Branch. She has 27 years of experience in refinery design, with specialized expertise in the crude and vacuum distillation process and in general configuration design. Ms. Xiangling holds a BE degree from Zhengzhou University of technology in Zhengzhou, Henan, China.
Fouling, which is caused mainly by the deposition and accumulation of an undesired layer of solids on a heat transfer surface, is very common in tubular heat exchangers.