Tang, Z.,
Yuan, B.,
Zheng, S.,
Chung, K. H., North Huajin Chemicals Industries Group Corp.;
Shi, Q., China University of Petroleum
Petroleum is a complex hydrocarbon mixture that contains small amounts of organic acids, such as naphthenic acids and phenols.
Past corrosion incidents provide insight into the causes of corrosion and the preventive actions required to protect plant equipment and reduce costly plant downtime.
Within the refining industry, gasoline production and alkylation capacity are running at near all-time highs.
Lost production from corrosion costs the oil and gas industry more than $1 B/yr.1
In the operation of natural gas pipelines, a blockage or leak can cause expensive production losses, damage equipment and pose safety hazards.
Revamping refineries to process heavier crude slates goes well beyond the requirements to meet equipment performance dictated by a shift in the quantity of lighter product yields to heavier products.
Some process safety incidents occur as the result of simultaneous or sequential occurrences of operations or activities that interfere or clash with each other.
Process engineers at a refinery in one of the Rocky Mountain states were concerned about detecting the potential accidental release of hydrogen fluoride (HF) gas at their plant as part of a recent series of upgrades to the facility.
Because of its clean-fuel properties (paraffinic, high octane, low vapor pressure and very low sulfur), alkylate is considered one of the most desired components in the gasoline pool.
Over the last 35 yr, more companies worldwide have installed liquid sulfur degassing processes in their sulfur recovery units (SRUs) to minimize the dangers of the release of hydrogen sulfide from the produced elemental sulfur.